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WS4369 and WS4469
Operating Instructions and Parts Manual
Welding Guidelines
(Continued)
WELDING POSITIONS
Four basic welding positions can be
used; flat, horizontal, vertical, and
overhead. Welding in the flat position
is easier than any of the others because
welding speed can be increased, the
molten metal has less tendency to run,
better penetration can be achieved, and
the work is less fatiguing. Welding is
performed with the electrode at a 45º
travel angle and 45º work angle.
Other positions require different
techniques such as a weaving pass,
circular pass, and jogging. A higher
skill level is required to complete these
welds.
Overhead welding is the least desirable
position as it is the most difficult and
dangerous. Heat setting and electrode
selection will vary depending upon the
position.
All work should be performed in the
flat position if possible. For specific
applications, consult an arc welding
handbook.
WELD PASS
Sometimes more then one pass is
necessary to fill the joint. The root pass
is first, followed by filler passes and the
cover pass (See Figures 9 and 10). If the
pieces are thick, it may be necessary to
bevel the edges that are joined at a 60º
angle. Remember to remove the slag
before each pass.
W
Work Piece
Figure 8 - Weld Appearance
NOTE: Weld bead
width (W) should be
approximately twice
the diameter of the
electrode rod used.
Current Too Low
Current Too High
Arc Length Too Short
Speed Too Fast
Speed Too Slow
Normal Current,
Arc Length,
Speed
Arc Length
Too Long
Base Metal
Cover
Filler
Root
Figure 9 - Multiple Weld Passes
Cover
Filler
Root
Figure 10 - Fillet Welds