Contents
Chapter 6 — Inlet Systems 99.........................
Packed column inlet 100...................................................
Electronic flow sensor 102..............................................
Septum•purgedpacked column inlet 103.................................
Problems at high inlet temperatures 104.................................
A thermally optimized high•temperatureinlet 104........................
Septum purge 105.....................................................
Electronic flow sensor 106..............................................
Split/splitless capillary inlet 107............................................
Carrier gas considerations 108..........................................
Initial column head pressure 110........................................
Split sampling 111.....................................................
Splitless sampling 114.................................................
Injection technique, split/splitless sampling 121..........................
Chapter 7 — Detector Systems 123.....................
Capillary makeup gas flow rate 124.........................................
FID and NPD jets 125.....................................................
Flame ionization detector (FID) 126.........................................
FID flameout problems 128.............................................
Nitrogen•phosphorusdetector (NPD) 129....................................
Performance considerations 132.........................................
Electron capture detector (ECD) 135........................................
Requirements for USA owners 135......................................
Temperature 140......................................................
Background level 141..................................................
Thermal conductivity detector (TCD) 143....................................
Optimizing performance 146............................................
Analyzing for hydrogen, special considerations 148.......................
TCD•to•FIDseries connection 149.......................................
Filament passivation 149...............................................
Capillary column considerations 150....................................
Flame photometric detector (FPD) 151......................................
Optimizing FPD sensitivity and selectivity 151...........................
Flame ignition problems 153............................................
