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STAINLESS STEELS
PROPERTIES –
HOW TO WELD THEM
WHERE TO USE THEM
A description of the physical and mechanical properties of a
variety of commercial stainless steels. Recommendations on the
applications of each type and how to arc weld each including
filler materials.
By
Damian Kotecki, PhD
Technical Director, Stainless and High Alloy
Product Development
and
Frank Armao
Senior Application Engineer
Copyright © 2003
by The Lincoln Electric Company
All Rights Reserved
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
1.0 Introduction ........................ 2
2.0 Types of Stainless Steels... 2
2.1 Ferrite Promoters
2.2 Austenite Promoters
2.3 Neutral Effect
3.0 Weldability of Stainless
Steels ....................................2
3.1 Ferritic Stainless Steels
3.2 Martensitic Stainless
Steels
3.3 Austenitic Stainless
Steels
3.3.1 Sensitization
3.3.2 Hot Cracking
3.4 Precipitation Hardening
Stainless Steels
3.5 Duplex Stainless Steels
4.0 Physical Properties .......... 10
5.0 Mechanical Properties..... 10
6.0 Selection of a Stainless
Steel....................................12
7.0 Design for Welding
Stainless Steels..................14
8.0 Selection of Filler Metals ...14
9.0 Selection of a Welding
Process...............................18
9.1 Shielded Metal Arc
Welding
9.2 Submerged Arc Welding
9.3 Gas Metal Arc Welding
9.4 Flux Cored Arc Welding
9.5 Gas Tungsten Arc
Welding
10.0 Procedures for Welding
Stainless Steels..................21
10.1 Welding with the Shielded
Metal Arc Process
10.2 Welding with the
Submerged Arc Process
10.3 Welding with the Gas
Metal Arc Process
10.4 Welding with the Gas
Tungsten Arc Process
Sources of Additional
Information
Safety in Welding